摘要:以淄蓖8号为试验品种，研究了中度盐碱地蓖麻在不同施氮量和施磷量条件下的生长特性、干物质积累、产量构成和产量。结果表明，氮肥、磷肥和两者互作对各时期主茎真叶数的影响不显著，氮肥、磷肥和两者互作从蕾期开始对株高和地上部干重的影响达显著或极显著水平，从苗期开始对叶干重和茎干重的影响达显著或极显著水平，对花序干重的影响达显著或极显著水平；氮肥对每株穗数的影响达到显著水平，磷肥及二者互作的影响未达到显著水平；氮肥、磷肥及二者互作对每穗粒数、百粒重和籽粒产量的影响达到显著或极显著水平；开花期、花后和灌浆成熟期群体地上部干物质积累与籽粒产量均呈显著线性正相关关系，提高开花后干物质的积累有利于籽粒产量的提高。在本试验条件下，施氮量225 kg·hm^-2、施磷量90 kg·hm^-2，苗期和蕾期各施用氮、磷肥的50%获得的籽粒产量最高，达3　568.4 kg·hm^-2。

关键词:蓖麻  氮肥  磷肥  生育特性  产量  产量构成

AbstractThe field experiment with “Zibi 8” was conducted to investigate the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus application on growth characteristics, dry matter accumulation, yield and yield component of castor in medium saline soil. The results showed that nitrogen and phosphorus had no significant effect on the number of main stem leaf, but had significant effect on plant height and dry weight (from budding stage) and dry weight of leaf, stem and inflorescence (from seeding stage). There was significant effect of nitrogen on the spike number per plant, but there was no significant effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on it. There existed significant effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on grain number per spike, 100-grain weight and yield of castor. A positive correlation was detected between dry weight of shoot and yield during flowering, post-flowering and filling and ripening stage. Increased dry weight accumulation after anthesis was beneficial to enhancing grain yield. The yield of treatment with 225 kg·hm^-2 N and 90 kg·hm^-2 P₂O₅ was the highest, reaching up to 3 568.4 kg·hm^-2.

Key wordscastor  nitrogen  phosphorus  growth characteristics  yield  yield component

文章编号： 0258_7106 (2016) 01_0018_15 中图分类号： P618.41 文献标志码：A

改回日期：2015_07_11

基金项目

**通讯作者耿新霞， 女， 1979年生， 助理研究员， 成矿规律研究方向。 Email： gen gxinxia@cags.ac.cn