摘要:利用辽宁1996—2005年14个地区的成灾面积资料，分析辽宁各地主要农业灾害（干旱灾害、洪涝灾害、风雹灾害、霜冻灾害和病虫害）的时空间分布特征及发展趋势。结果表明：干旱灾害对辽宁农业生产的影响最大，2000年发生最重，成灾面积为1.4×10⁵ hm²；风雹灾害1997年发生最重，成灾面积为4.4×10⁴　hm²；洪涝灾害1998年发生最重，成灾面积为2.3×10⁴　hm²；病虫害1996年和1997年发生较重，成灾面积为1.3×10⁴ hm²；霜冻灾害1999年发生较重，成灾面积为1.7×10³ hm²。从空间分布特征来看，辽宁农业灾害影响最大的地区是辽西地区。按辽宁农业灾害成灾面积大小划分，依次为：辽西地区，辽中地区，辽北地区，辽南地区和辽东地区。农业灾害中以干旱灾害和风雹灾害对农业生产影响最为严重，是影响农业生产的主要因素。

关键词:农业灾害  时空特征  辽宁

AbstractBased on the data of inundated area in 14 regions of Liaoning Province from 1996 to 2005, the characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution and changing tendency of main agricultural disasters (including drought, flood, hail, frost, and plant diseases and insect pests) were analyzed with statistical method. The results showed that the drought disaster had a greatest influence to agricultural production in Liaoning. The drought disaster was most serious in 2000 with an inundated area of 1.4×10⁵ hm²; the hail disaster was most serious in 1997 with an inundated area of 4.4×10⁴ hm²; the flood disaster was most serious in 1998 with an inundated area of 2.3×10⁴　hm²; the disaster of plant diseases and insect pests was most serious in 1996 and 1997 with an inundated area of 1.3×10⁴ hm²; and the frost disaster was most serious in 1999 with an inundated area of 1.7×10³ hm². The regions suffered severely from agricultural disasters were mainly distributed in west Liaoning. According to the inundated area of agricultural disasters, the regions could be sequenced as west Liaoning > central Liaoning > north Liaoning > south Liaoning > east Liaoning. Drought and hail were the two major disasters affecting agricultural production in iaoning.

Key wordsagricultural disaster  temporal and spatial characteri stics  Liaoning Province

文章编号： 0258_7106 (2016) 01_0018_15 中图分类号： P618.41 文献标志码：A

改回日期：2015_07_11

基金项目

**通讯作者耿新霞， 女， 1979年生， 助理研究员， 成矿规律研究方向。 Email： gen gxinxia@cags.ac.cn