摘要:以软荚豌豆品种合欢为试验材料，研究不同覆膜方式的土壤水热效应及其对软荚豌豆产量的影响。结果表明，与不覆膜（CK）相比，全覆膜（FM）和半覆膜（HM）提高软荚豌豆生长前期0～25 cm土层平均地温分别为3.9℃和2.3℃；同时能抑制土壤水分蒸发，0～30 cm土壤含水量FM最高，HM次之；在FM和HM较好的水热条件下，出苗期分别较CK提前3～4 d和2 d，出苗率分别提高25.7%～26.4%和19.5%～20.9%，采收天数分别延长3～4 d和1～3 d；结荚数和 单荚重显著增加，FM产量较CK提高18.5%，HM产量较CK提高12.0%。由于FM改善土壤水热状况，提早出苗，促进软荚豌豆前期生长并改善产量构成因子，因而表现较高产量，是适宜本试验区软荚豌豆种植的一种新的栽培方式。

关键词:软荚豌豆  覆膜方式  水热状况  产量

AbstractUsing one sugarpod garden pea cultivar “Hehuan” as experimental material, effect of different mulching methods on soil temperature, moisture and yield of garden pea were studied. The results showed that whole field surface with plastic-film mulching (FM) and half field surface with pla stic-film mulching (HM) increased average soil temperature by 3.9℃ and 2.3℃ in 0～25 cm soil profile at early growth stage of edible-podded pea, as compared with the CK. Meanwhile, FM and HM increased soil water content in 0～30 cm soil layer than CK, and soil water content in FM was the highest. Under favourable soil temperature and moisture condition, FM and HM put the seedling stage ahead by 3～4 d and 2 d, increased germination by 25.7%～26.4% and 19.5%～20.9%, and set harvest day back by 3～4 d and 1～3 d, as compared with the CK. It is suggest that FM can improve soil temperature and moisture, promote emergence and early growth, optimize yield components, and significantly increase yield of garden pea.

Key wordsSugarpod garden pea  mulching methods  soil temperature and moisture  yield

文章编号： 0258_7106 (2016) 01_0018_15 中图分类号： P618.41 文献标志码：A

改回日期：2015_07_11

基金项目

**通讯作者耿新霞， 女， 1979年生， 助理研究员， 成矿规律研究方向。 Email： gen gxinxia@cags.ac.cn