摘要:在黄土高原坡地采用(1) 沿坡地等高线起垄；(2) 沿 坡地等高线起垄，垄上覆膜；(3) 沿坡地等高线起垄，垄间带底下设地槽；(4) 沿坡地等高 线起垄，垄上覆膜，垄间带底下设地槽等4种不同的集雨方式种植马铃薯，并设置不覆膜的 大田比较试验。通过对土壤含水量，土壤温度及作物产量进行分析，发现垄上覆膜结合地槽 贮水技术，可降低土壤的容重，大大提高马铃薯的地上生物量、水分利用效率及大中薯率， 是黄土高原半干旱区一项有效的节水增产措施。

关键词:黄土高原地区  地槽贮水技术  土壤含水量  土壤温度  水分利用效率

AbstractThe field experiment of waterharvesting modes wa s conducted in Loess Plateau by planting potato with five treatments: (1) contou r ridging; (2) contour ridging + film mulching on ridge; (3) contour ridging + g eosynclinal in furrow; (4) contour ridging + film mulching on ridge + geosynclin al in furrow; and (5) the control. Through the analysis of soil moisture content , soil temperature and crop yield, it was shown that the technology of ‘contour ridging + film mulching on ridge + geosynclinal in furrow’ could reduce soil b ulk density, and increase remarkably the aboveground biomass, water use efficien cy and proportion of large and middle potatoes, therefore it was an effective wa tersaving agricultural practice in the semi-arid area of Loess Plateau in Chin a.

Key wordsLoess Plateau  geosynclinal for water harvesting  soi l moisture  soil temperature  water use efficiency

文章编号： 0258_7106 (2016) 01_0018_15 中图分类号： P618.41 文献标志码：A

改回日期：2015_07_11

基金项目

**通讯作者耿新霞， 女， 1979年生， 助理研究员， 成矿规律研究方向。 Email： gen gxinxia@cags.ac.cn