摘要:在高密（9.26万株·hm^-2）种植条件下，研究了4个春玉米品种（内单314、宁玉3 09、金山116、金山20）的受光态势及光合特性。结果表明：单株叶面积以内单314最大，且 棒三叶及以上层位叶片的分布比例在4个春玉米品种中均最高；4个春玉米品种不同层位叶向 值总体表现为棒三叶上＞棒三叶下＞棒三叶，其中棒三叶上以及棒三叶均以内单314最大， 以宁玉309最小，棒三叶下以金山20最大，金山116次之，内单314最小；不同生育时期光合 势以吐丝至乳熟期最大，品种间表现为内单314＞宁玉309＞金山116＞金山20；净光合速率 除08∶00以外，其它各时段均以内单314最高；平均瞬时光能利用率以内单314最大，宁玉30 9次之，金山20最小；在4个春玉米品种中，内单314受光态势好，光合能力强，产量最高， 是试验所在地西辽河平原高密栽培的首选品种。

关键词:高密种植  春玉米  受光态势  光合特性  产量

AbstractLight penetration and photosynthesis characteristics of four spring ma ize（neidan314、ningyu309、jinshan116、jinshan20） were studied under planting h ighdensity (9.26×10⁴ plants·hm^-2). The results showed that the leaf area per plant of neidan314 was largest, and distribution proportion of threee ar leaves and above layer of neidan314 were highest. Leaf orientation value in d ifferent layers of the four varieties of spring maize were above threeear leav es>under threeear leaves>threeear leaves,which above threeear leaves and t hreeear leaves were maximum in neidan314, and which were minimum in Ningyu309, but under threeear leaves was largest in jinshan27, next to jinshan116 and w hich was minimum at neidan314. Leaf area duration in different growth stages wer e the largest from silking to milking stage, and varieties showed neidan314>ning yu309>Jinshan116>Jinshan20; Except 08:00, the photosynthesis were maximum in nei dan314. Average instantaneous solar energy utilization efficiency in turn was ne idan314>ningyu309>Jinshan20. In four spring maize varieties, neidan314 had bett er light penetration, stronger photosynthetic capacity and the highest yield, wh ich was the first species of highdensity cultivation in the research area.

Key wordshigh density planting  spring maize  light penetration  photosynthesis traits  yield

文章编号： 0258_7106 (2016) 01_0018_15 中图分类号： P618.41 文献标志码：A

改回日期：2015_07_11

基金项目

**通讯作者耿新霞， 女， 1979年生， 助理研究员， 成矿规律研究方向。 Email： gen gxinxia@cags.ac.cn