摘要:利用1961—2010年陕西省72个气象站逐日气温和降水资料，采用综合气象干旱指数法，统计分析了近50年陕西省气象干旱发生的时空分布特征。结果表明：陕西省年及四季干旱发生频次和干旱日数总体上呈北高（多）南低（ 少）分布特征。四季中夏旱频率最高，强度最强，春季其次。各等级干旱日数中轻旱日数最多，中、重和特旱日数依次减少。陕北北部长城沿线及关中中东部既是干旱高发区，也是干旱重发区；近50年陕西区域干旱强度和干旱日数均存在较明显的增加趋势，主要表现为春秋两个季节的变化，而夏季和冬季的变化趋势不明显；近50年陕西共发生32起持续性干旱事件，以春夏连旱为主；20世纪90年代中后期至2002年持续性干旱事件发生的频率高，强度强， 反映出陕西区域极端干旱事件对全球气候变化有明显的响应。

关键词:陕西省  综合气象干旱指数（CI）  变化特征

AbstractBased on the daily precipitation and temperature data at 72 metrological stations during 1961 to 2010, the characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution of drought in Shaanxi Province were analyzed by using compound meteorological drought index (CI). The results showed that the dist ribution of frequency and days of yearly and seasonal drought generally appeared to be high in the northern part and low in the southern part. The season with highest drought frequency was summer, followed by spring. Among various grades of drought, the days of slight drought were the largest, and those of moderate, severe and extreme drought decreased successively. The areas along the Great Wall in Northern Shaanxi and in the middle of Guanzhong Plain are high in both frequency and intensity of drought. An obviously increasing trend was discovered in Shaanxi during last 50 years, which was more remarkable in spring and autumn than in summer and winter. There were 32 times of continuous drought events in Shaanxi during last 50 years, and they were mainly successive spring and summer drough t. The frequency and intensity of drought events were high from middle 1990s’ to 2002, which reflected that the extreme events in Shaanxi responded to the global climate change.

Key wordsShaanxi Province  compound meteorological drought index (CI)  variation characteristics

文章编号： 0258_7106 (2016) 01_0018_15 中图分类号： P618.41 文献标志码：A

改回日期：2015_07_11

基金项目

**通讯作者耿新霞， 女， 1979年生， 助理研究员， 成矿规律研究方向。 Email： gen gxinxia@cags.ac.cn