摘要:以白菜型冬油菜品种鉴94为材料，研究化学药物GSC的不同浓度对白菜型冬油菜主要性状的影响。结果表明，GSC处理两次后，导致植株生长势变弱，而对结实力无显著影响；对油菜花冠和花瓣的生长有一定抑制作用，随着化学药物浓度的增加，花冠直径和花瓣面积呈减小趋势，雄蕊长度逐渐缩短，雌蕊无显著变化，T7浓度处理(第一次0.5 mg·L^-1和第二次0.6 mg·L^-1浓度处理)后，花丝萎缩，花药干瘪，出现大量不育花粉。GSC可以诱导白菜型油菜产生雄性不育，随着GSC浓度的增加，不育株数和失活花粉数也逐渐增加，在T7浓度，植株不育株率达86.49%，失活花粉率达89.30%；同时用此浓度处理后花粉囊发育不良，绒毡层细胞提前解体或随花粉粒退化一同消失，小孢子团紧贴内壁，数量变少。试验说明化学药物GSC对白菜型冬油菜具有一定的杀雄效果，同时杀雄效果与药物浓度有一定关系。

关键词:白菜型冬油菜  化学杀雄  GSC  雄性不育

AbstractUsing the cultivar Jian 94 as a material, the effects of different concentrations of the chemical agent GSC on the main traits of winter rapeseed (Brassica rapa) were studied. The results showed: GSC treatment caused a negative effect on plant growth, but there was no significant effec t on seed setting; the growth of corolla and petals was inhibited, and the corolla diameter and petal area were decreased with the increase of GSC concentration; the length of stamens was gradually shortened, while the pistils were not changed significantly; under the concentration of T7 (0.5 mg·L^-1 and 0.6 mg·L^-1 at first and second time, respectively), the filaments became atrophied, and the anthers became shriveled with a large number of sterile pollens. GSC could induce male sterility of winter rapeseed, and the rate of sterile plants and dead pollens was increased with the rise of GSC concentration. Under the concentration of T7, the rate of sterile plants and dead pollens was 85.67% and 82.30%, respectively. Meanwhile, the anthers became hypogenetic, the tapetal cells disintegrated in advance or disappeared along with the degradation of pollen grains, and the spore balls stuck closely to the inner wall and their number became small. The results demonstrated that the chemical agent GSC could cause a certain effect on male sterility, and there was a relationship between sterilization rate and GSC concentration.

Key wordswinter rapeseed (Brassica rapa)  chemical hybridizing agent  GSC  male sterility

文章编号： 0258_7106 (2016) 01_0018_15 中图分类号： P618.41 文献标志码：A

改回日期：2015_07_11

基金项目

**通讯作者耿新霞， 女， 1979年生， 助理研究员， 成矿规律研究方向。 Email： gen gxinxia@cags.ac.cn