| 摘要: |
| 在长岭县开展玉米大田试验，探讨在相同的土壤及农田管理条件下，不同降水年型（丰水年、平水年、枯水年和极枯水年）玉米生长需水及水分来源的变化规律。结果表明：玉米生长过程中各个阶段需水量不同，中期最大，初期和后期较小；2007年(极枯水年)玉米生长需水量最大(460.2 mm)，2006年(枯水年)次之(423.8 mm)，2008年(平水年)再次之(393.5 mm)，2005年(丰水年)最小(342 mm)，越是干旱的年份玉米生长需水量和单位质量玉米生长需水量越大；丰水年玉米生长需水量与有效降水量的耦合度最高，平水年次之，枯水年再次之，极枯水年最低；2005—2008年土壤水消耗量依次为79.8 mm、199.1 mm、222.7 mm和104.6 mm，越是干旱的年份土壤水消耗量越大；玉米生长过程中7月和8月土壤水消耗量较大，应适当增加灌溉。 |
| 关键词: 生长需水量 降水年型 玉米 长岭县 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目(10YJA840032)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目（12SSXT150） |
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| Water requirement of maize under different precipitation years in Changling County, Jilin Province |
| DUAN Pei-li, QIN Li-jie |
| () |
| Abstract: |
| According to the field experiment in Changling County, Jilin Province, the water requirement of maize growth and the changes of water source in different years (wet year, normal year, dry year and extremely dry year) based on the same soil and farm management conditions were discussed. The results showed that water demand was different in different stages of maize growth. It reached the highest at mid-development stage, and was relatively small at early and late stage. According to the water requirement of maize growth, the test years were sequenced as: 2007(460.2 mm)＞2006(423.8 mm)＞2008(393.5 mm)＞2005(342 mm). The drier the year was, the more the total water amount and water per unit dry weight were required. The coupling degree of water requirement and effective precipitation was the highest in wet year, followed by normal year and dry year, and the lowest in extremely dry year. The soil water consumption from 2005 to 2008 was 79.8 mm, 199.1 mm, 222.7 mm and 104.6 mm, respectively. The drier the year was, the more the soil water was consumed. During the growth period
of maize, the soil water consumption was much great in July and August, thus it was necessary to increase irrigation appropriately. |
| Key words: water requirement precipitation year maize Changling County |
